Udo Erasmus, pioneer of essential fatty acids, EFA's, omega-3, omega fats, Udo's Choice, Udo's Oil, cold-pressed flax-seed oil, trans-fats, Trans Fatty acids

Intro.
Effects
Parameters
CV Factors
Graphical Data
Case Studies
Graphical Data
Summary

CASE STUDIES are broken up into 3 sections represented by Parts 6a, 6b, and 6c as listed on the top navigation bar.

 

ID#: 20
Sex: male
Age: 30
Sport/physical activity: medium-distance running
Non-smoker
 

Baseline

Post-supplementation

Reference

17/10/00

 

fasting glucose

4.0

 

3.7-5.2 mmol/L

HbA1c

0.049

 

0.041-0.061

Lp(a)

21.1

 

mg/dl

fibrinogen

7.4

 

5.0-12.0 µmol/L

triglycerides

0.9

 

<2.5 mmol/L

total cholesterol

5.5

 

<6.0 mmol/L

HDL cholesterol

1.4

 

>0.9 mmol/L

LDL cholesterol

3.7

 

<4.5 mmol/L

testosterone

   

males: 8-30 nmol/L

females: <3 nmol/L

TSH

   

0.1-4.0 mU/L

TT4

   

60-140 nmol/L

free TT3

   

1.1-2.5 nmol/L

TT3 capacity

   

0.75-1.25

  • Slight improvement in the intensity of his training sessions.

  • Did put on about 2 kg of weight, which was not all lean mass.

  • Did have side effects in the form digestive disturbances.  Went from slight constipation to frequent and loose stools like what is seen in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

  • Moved about 6 weeks into the trial and was lost to further follow-up.  So all the above-mentioned effects occurred within the first 6 weeks.

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  •  

    ID#: 21
    Sex: male
    Age: 30
    Sport/physical activity: weight resistance training, swimming
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    17/10/00

    11/12/00

    fasting glucose

    4.0

    4.6

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.050

    0.049

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    1.9

    3.8

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.3

    7.4

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    2.0

    1.2

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    5.1

    4.2

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.0

    2.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved endurance and stamina, faster recuperation after exercising, increased intensity of exercise, and increased energy levels.  Can go harder at it whilst swimming and lifting weights.  For the latter, he can do more weight for each individual exercise.    Furthermore, he recovers faster from individual training sessions.  For some exercises, the recuperation is down to 1-2 days as opposed to one week earlier.

  • More mental energy, which enabled him to deal better with mental stress than he'd expect.

  • Slightly increased weight.  About 2 - 2 1/2 kg.  Apparently lean mass.  Surprised him, because he had been training less than usual during the trial because of his new girlfriend and exams.

  • Skin is very soft (girlfriend's observation).

  • He had also recently found a new girlfriend, so some of the energy might be from being in love.

  • Had used the oil previously, albeit at much lower dosages.

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  •  

    ID#: 22
    Sex: male
    Age: 25
    Sport/physical activity: weight resistance training
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    17/10/00

    11/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.8

    3.8

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.044

    0.047

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    9.1

    6.1

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.7

    8.2

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    1.1

    1.4

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.8

    4.0

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.1

    2.0

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Put on about 2 kg. of lean mass - landing at 71 kg - which pleased him because he had been working at increasing his weight without success before entering the trial.  Also, his weight became more stable.  Beforehand, it would fluctuate between 67 to 71 kg.  This might also be linked to the fact that his appetite increased whilst on the oil - he felt well nourished.  Beforehand, he would often go over five hours without eating and feeling hungry.  Now, as his appetite is better, he eats regular meals.  Finally, strength increased, so he did more weight and sets whilst working out.

  • Skin improved.  Much fewer problems with rashes after shaving.

  • Better mood.  Noticed by his girlfriend, family, and friends as well.  He is happier and more out going.

  • Improved concentration.

  • His sleep had improved after 4 weeks, but no further improvements after 8 weeks.

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    ID#: 23
    Sex: female
    Age: 27
    Sport/physical activity: weight-resistance training
    Smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    17/10/00

    12/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.1

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.052

    0.053

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    19.9

    9.9

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.4

    no reading

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.9

    0.9

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.9

    3.7

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.4

    1.6

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.1

    1.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Increased energy levels in general and when working out.  When working out, she can get through the same exercises - number of sets, weight, repetitions etc. - in shorter time.  Furthermore, she does not need to have an afternoon nap after work, which she needed almost every day before starting on the oil.  Her sleep has improved in general.  It is deeper and more replenishing.

  • She recuperated faster after work outs.  Also, during the work outs, she needed lest rest time between sets.  That is another reason why she could complete the same work outs as previously in less time.

  • She injured her shoulder - probably at work - but the inflammation started subsiding faster than expected.  Also, she could do upper body exercises when working out - apart from those specifically targeting her shoulder - which she had not expected to be able to.  Nor had her physiotherapist.  In general, she did not have any problems with her shoulder, when it should have been bothering her constantly.

  • Her mood improved.  She became happier in general and it took more to make her angry, annoyed, or irritated.  It felt as if she had more mental energy, which she could then devote to others.

  • Her skin improved.  It became less prone to drying out and much softer.  Especially on her ankles.

  • Did put on about 1.5 kg on the high dosage.  It is not clear whether it was lean or muscle mass.

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  •  

    ID#: 24
    Sex: Female
    Age: 26
    Sport/physical activity: capoeira, semi-professional dancer
    Smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    07/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.5

    4.0

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

    0.048

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    15.9

    20.0

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.8

    7.1

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.6

    0.5

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.5

    4.4

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.5

    1.9

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.7

    2.3

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • The oil made her feel very tired.

  • She only did 7 weeks instead of 8 because she had to go to Brazil.

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  •  

    ID#: 25
    Sex: male
    Age: 20
    Sport/physical activity: capoeira
     Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    05/01/01

    fasting glucose

    3.5

    4.0

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.044

    0.047

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    9.8

    15.6

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.8

    7.3

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.8

    0.7

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.3

    2.9

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.1

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.7

    1.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Suffers from hypermobile joints, but whilst on the oil, they caused him fewer problems.  Most obvious from capoeira practice, where he was able to go into positions and stances, which would previously have made his joints hurt subsequently.  But they did not.

  • His appetite was slightly decreased and he felt no need to eat nuts and seeds.  On the other hand, he felt the urge to drink much more water than before entering the trial.

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  •  

    ID#: 26
    Sex: male
    Age: 23
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    15/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.7

    3.3

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.051

    0.052

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    4.9

    2.9

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    6.0

    6.5

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    1.3

    0.8

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.4

    4.5

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.1

    1.6

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.7

    2.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Possibly a slight increase in energy levels and recuperation after practicing.  Several mornings, he was less tired and aching when waking up than he had expected considering the previous days' training.

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  •  

    ID#: 27
    Sex: male
    Age: 26
    Sport/physical activity: weight-resistance training
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    4.6

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.045

    0.050

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    88.9

    99.9

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.2

    8.7

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    1.4

    2.0

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.3

    5.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.5

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.2

    2.9

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Skin less dry.

  • Weight increased a few kg. but it seemed like it was mainly lean mass.

  • His shoulder used to trouble him when doing exercises focusing especially on them.  They would ache and creak.  Not a problem whilst taking the oil.  Previously, he had to warm up his shoulders specifically.

  • His sleep might be slightly deeper.

  • He did not quite follow the dosage protocol because of a misunderstanding.  For the first 4 weeks he only took the low dosage, then he took the medium dosage during the 5th week, and the high dosage from the 6th week and on.

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  •  

    ID#: 28
    Sex: male
    Age: 19
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    15/12/00

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.051

    0.051

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    7.7

    6.7

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    10.3

    9.1

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    2.7

    0.7

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.3

    3.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.4

    2.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.6

    0.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved stamina and ability to recover between individual practices.  Went from doing a total of 90 km a week to approx. 147 km a week; he runs every day and does a total of 12-14 individual runs a week.  Had no problems with recuperating despite this massive increase in his training, which surprised him.  Also, he wasn't able to run himself to exhaustion.  NB: he broke his arm shortly before entering the trial and therefore decided to run himself to exhaustion since he couldn't participate in competitions.  Has broken an arm on 3 previous occasions.  This time, his fracture stopped hurting after a surprisingly short time.  Hence, he felt that he could actually take the cast off

  • Put on 4-5 kg of bodyweight.  Seems to be mainly lean mass, as he can't see any extra fat anywhere on his body.  At the same time, he eats less.  Only 2/3 of normal according to his own estimate.

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  •  

    ID#: 29
    Sex: male
    Age: 32
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    15/12/00

    fasting glucose

    2.0

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.045

    0.045

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    91.9

    81.8

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.5

    7.2

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    2.1

    0.9

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.3

    4.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.0

    2.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

    ·                    Felt no effects from supplementation, not positive or negative.

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    ID#: 30
    Sex: female
    Age: 28
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

     

    fasting glucose

    3.7

     

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.046

     

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    3.0

     

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.1

     

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.7

     

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.7

     

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

     

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.1

     

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Felt no effects from the oil, neither positive nor negative.

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  • ID#: 31
    Sex: female
    Age: 24
    Sport/physical activity: amateur kickboxing
    Smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

     

    fasting glucose

    3.4

     

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

     

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    2.6

     

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.3

     

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.9

     

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.3

     

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

     

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.6

     

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Got severe nausea from ingesting the oil and thus discontinued taking it after a few weeks and left the trial.  She did not feel any other effects from the oil, neither positive nor negative.

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    ID#: 32
    Sex: male
    Age: 37
    Sport/physical activity: triathlon
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    30/10/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/01

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    4.2

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.054

    0.054

    0.054

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    12.9

    23.9

    17.8

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.5

    12.8

    8,4

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    1.4

    1.3

    0.9

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.9

    5.0

    4.9

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

    1.7

    1.8

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.0

    2.7

    2.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • "The first time I really noticed a difference was when I started training really hard after 3 or 4 weeks of using the oil.  I went to Lanzarote and thought, I'd only be there for a week so I could as well train really hard.  I will not be able to really wear myself out in a week.I felt things getting better from day to day.  Usually I get tired as the day progresses and can't get the pulse up and going.  But I had lots of energy and kept on training the whole day.  Up in the morning, some swimming, running, then some weights, and on and on.  It would be late and dark when I finished for the day, but I would still have lots of energy.  Everyday, boom, out of bed at 8 o'clock and I'd be ready.  They [the training center] have lots of morning activities.  Running, gymnastics, swimming.  I did something before breakfast every single day.  It was the first time I tried that and had the energy for it.

  • "I recover better and faster.  This both applies to the time between individual practice sessions and within each practice session."

  • "It puzzles me.  It's winter, I've been very stressed, hard training, and not slept well.  Nonetheless, I haven't gone down with the flu".

  • "I've been working my legs harder without getting any problems with my knees."

  • He has subsequently been in Lanzarote for similar training camps and felt the same again, that he could go on for the whole week(s) without burning out.

  • In subsequent conversations, he has also mentioned that he doesn't get sunburned as easily when attending training camps or participating in triathlons in regions with strong sunshine.  Nor does his skin get as dry from all the swimming and biking as it used to do.

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  •  

    ID#: 33
    Sex: male
    Age: 32
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/00

    fasting glucose

    4.0

    4.5

    4.2

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.052

    0.049

    0.051

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    19.5

    22.0

    16.2

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.3

    6.9

    7.3

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    1.6

    1.7

    0.8

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.9

    5.3

    4.1

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    0.9

    1.1

    1.0

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.3

    3.4

    2.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved energy levels in general and when training.  In general, he does not feel as tired as before.  Furthermore feels more clear headed and focused on top of being better able to concentrate.

  • Not as tired as before.  Can do with less sleep and feels more awake throughout the day.

  • Faster recuperation from training.  He is always fully recovered for training again the next day.

  • Slight digestive complaints and headaches for a couple of days after going on the high dosage.  But this then went away.

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  •  

    ID#: 34
    Sex: male
    Age: 39
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/01

    fasting glucose

    4.8

    4.9

    4.3

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.058

    0.054

    0.058

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    4.9

    3.5

    4.3

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    9.4

    8.3

    7.0

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.5

    0.8

    0.3

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.3

    3.9

    3.2

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.7

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.9

    1.8

    1.6

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • Improvements in stamina, endurance, recuperation after training, and energy levels.  It takes him longer time before reaching fatigue during training.  Feels like training much more than usual because he has this increase in stamina and endurance.  This is also because he always manages to recover from any day to the next.  Even when he does 3-5 days in a row.  If he felt tired, he obviously would not feel like training that much.

  • Slightly increased concentration.

  • Improved skin.  His facial skin is not as dry anymore, so he can do with very little facial lotion or even without.  Before, he had to apply lotion to his face after being on the road, or it would get very dry.  This is major for a cyclist.

  • He went on a week's vacation in Southern Europe in the spring 2001.  When he got back to Denmark, his suntan lasted for much longer than usual.  Also, he did not get sunburned as easily.

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  •  

    ID#: 35
    Sex: male
    Age: 44
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/01

    fasting glucose

    4.7

    4.5

    4.2

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.054

    0.047

    0.052

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    2.1

    1.9

    2.2

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    10.2

    7.6

    8.0

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.9

    1.3

    0.8

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    5.3

    5.4

    4.9

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.8

    1.9

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.1

    2.9

    3.0

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • Knee joints are more flexible, which resulted in an extended range of motion when doing stretches and other exercises requiring extension of joints.

  • Improvements in energy levels, stamina and endurance, and faster recuperation after training.  His legs are fine after 1-2 days instead of 2-3 days.

  • Skin has become very soft.  Feels as if lotion has been applied from to the inside of the skin.

  • Sleeps better and deeper.  Doesn't wake up as easily as before.  Does not get disturbed in the middle of the night by sounds from his environment.  Feels slightly more sleepy right when he wakes up.  Also has an easier time falling asleep.

  • Experienced GI irritation for a week or so when starting the high dosage of the oil.

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  •  

    ID#: 36
    Sex: male
    Age: 30
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.3

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.046

    0.044

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    31.5

    21.6

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.9

    8.5

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.8

    0.6

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.5

    3.4

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.4

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.7

    1.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • His skin got better, especially in the facial area.  Not that he had any problems before hand, but it became even softer and did not have the same tendency to dry out.

  • Improved energy-levels and recuperation after training sessions.

  • During the first couple of weeks, he would get "hot flushes" after ingesting the oil.  He'd sweat and feel very warm despite not having done any physical exercise.  During this time, he also had a slightly decreased appetite.

  • Did not put on very much weight, if any at all, which surprised him considering it was the least active period of his season.

  • Had not been down the flu, a cold, or anything like that over the winter, which surprised him.

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  •  

    ID#: 37
    Sex: male
    Age: 20
    Sport/physical activity: capoeira
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    02/03/01

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    4.3

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

    0.050

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    2.3

    2.3

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    9.7

    9.9

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    0.8

    1.1

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.1

    4.6

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.0

    1.1

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.7

    3.0

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

     

    29

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

     

    1.7

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

     

    100

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

     

    2.7

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

     

    0.99

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved range of motion in his joints.  Most obvious in relation to his capoeira training.  He was able to do stances, postures, and go into positions he could not do previously because his joints would extend further.  Also, he had fewer problems with inflammation and tenderness in his wrists after practice whilst on the oil.  These effects appeared within a week of supplementation and disappeared again a week after stopping on the oil.

  • He caught his breath faster after biking to work (15 km each way).  Also, he did not feel as fatigued afterwards.

  • His appetite decreased slightly and he might have put on a bit of weight.  Approx. 1 kg.

  • The high dosage caused queasiness.

  • He did have a break in the middle of the trial - about 3 weeks - because of pneumonia.  He was so nauseous during this time, that he couldn't ingest the oil.

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  •  

    ID#: 38
    Sex: male
    Age: 36
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.5

    4.8

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.052

    0.051

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    3.4

    3.4

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.4

    10.5

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    1.7

    1.4

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    6.2

    6.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.2

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    4.2

    4.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • No effects from supplementation, neither positive nor negative.

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  •  

    ID#: 39
    Sex: male
    Age: 27
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/10/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.5

    4.2

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

    0.048

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    24.1

    20.4

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.2

    7.1

    5.0-12.0 µmol/L

    triglycerides

    1.3

    1.2

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4

    4.8

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.1

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.3

    2.9

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Increased energy-levels, stamina, endurance, and recuperation.

  • Improved digestion at the low and medium-dosages (0.3 and 0.45 gr. of oil pr. kg. of bodyweight daily).

  • Nausea, tiredness, dizziness, and upset stomach at the high dosage (0.6 gr. of oil pr. kg. of bodyweight daily).

  • Improved concentration.

  • He was positively surprised over what he had felt after 8 weeks of supplementation.

  • In the spring of 2001, he has had his best season ever, even beating several of the pro-cyclists and consistently performing better than any previous season.



  • Intro.
    Effects
    Parameters
    CV Factors
    Graphical Data
    Case Studies
    Graphical Data
    Summary
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